Many Birds mammals and reptiles can.

House Cats probably can’t or at least they are probably pretty blurry.

House Cats are “nearsighted”. Compared to humans.

Most of the animal groups I listed have accommodating lenses though. So most probably can see the stars.

Which means their eyes can focus at multiple distances.

Infinity focus for humans is around 16-20 feet. Depending on eyesight.

Which means if you can see something 20 feet away, in focus, you can see at infinity in focus. It’s why we can see the stars.

That infinity point varies for many animals and it’s true that some don’t have it. Like house cats.

But a lot do.

I’m less familiar with how compound eyes work but essentially like pinhole cameras. No adjusting lens.

But they don’t need it. Because when light is restricted to a pinhole, it’s focused at infinity. It’s more like far sightedness. Things closer will be blurry and farther away will be in focus.

Based on that. I would guess many insects could in fact , see stars and the moon.

Sensitivity to light would be the other factor.

I can’t think of any animals that wouldnt be able to see a bright point of light. Maybe moles. Those blind ones.